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11.
Molecularly imprinted polymers with synthetic dummy templates for the preparation of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin from chili peppers 下载免费PDF全文
Xiuli Ma Wenhua Ji Lingxiao Chen Xiao Wang Jianhua Liu Xueyong Wang 《Journal of separation science》2015,38(1):100-107
In this work, dummy molecularly imprinted polymers with high selectivity and affinity to capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin are designed using N‐vanillylnonanamide as a dummy template. The performance of dummy molecularly imprinted polymers and nonimprinted polymers was evaluated using adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and selective recognition capacity. Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers were found to exhibit good site accessibility, taking just 20 min to achieve adsorption equilibrium; they were also highly selective toward capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin. We successfully used dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as a specific sorbent for selectively enriching capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin from chili pepper samples. In a scaled‐up experiment, the selective recovery of capsaicinoids was calculated to be 77.8% using solid‐phase extraction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the use of N‐vanillylnonanamide as a dummy template in molecularly imprinted polymers to simultaneously enrich capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin. 相似文献
12.
Enhanced Crystal Quality of Perovskite via Protonated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Added in Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells 下载免费PDF全文
Mingxing Guo Wenchao Liu Junyan Huang Jiaqi Liu Shuhui Yin Jing Leng 《化学物理学报(中文版)》2022,35(2):390-398
The quality of perovskite layers has a great impact on the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, defects and related trap sites are generated inevitably in the solution-processed polycrystalline perovskite films. It is meaningful to reduce and passivate the defect states by incorporating additive into the perovskite layer to improve perovskite crystallization. Here an environmental friendly 2D nanomaterial protonated graphitic carbon nitride (p-g-C\begin{document}$_3$\end{document} N\begin{document}$_4$\end{document} ) was successfully synthesized and doped into perovskite layer of carbon-based PSCs. The addition of p-g-C\begin{document}$_3$\end{document} N\begin{document}$_4$\end{document} into perovskite precursor solution not only adjusts nucleation and growth rate of methylammonium lead tri-iodide (MAPbI\begin{document}$_3$\end{document} ) crystal for obtaining flat perovskite surface with larger grain size, but also reduces intrinsic defects of perovskite layer. It is found that the p-g-C\begin{document}$_3$\end{document} N\begin{document}$_4$\end{document} locates at the perovskite core, and the active groups -NH\begin{document}$_2$\end{document} /NH\begin{document}$_3$\end{document} and NH have a hydrogen bond strengthening, which effectively passivates electron traps and enhances the crystal quality of perovskite. As a result, a higher power conversion efficiency of 6.61% is achieved, compared with that doped with g-C\begin{document}$_3$\end{document} N\begin{document}$_4$\end{document} (5.93%) and undoped one (4.48%). This work demonstrates a simple method to modify the perovskite film by doping new modified additives and develops a low-cost preparation for carbon-based PSCs. 相似文献
13.
目的调查和分析江西南昌地区血吸虫病流行区初中学生血吸虫病情况,及相关影响因素。方法 2015年8月至2016年8月,将江西南昌地区血吸虫病流行区中的19个重点县分为血吸虫病传播控制区和血吸虫病疫情控制区,其中传播控制区调查人数1 569名,疫情控制区调查人数1 723名,对所有的学生均采取问卷调查措施。结果疫情控制区初中学生血吸虫病检查率明显高于传播控制区初中学生血吸虫病检查率,数据比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);血防知识知晓及格率越高,检查率越高;学校血防教育频次越高,检查率越高;血防部分教育频次及格率越高,检查率越高,数据比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论江西南昌地区血吸虫病流行区初中学生血吸虫病检查率较低,需要加强对初中学生的健康教育,实现提高初中学生血吸虫病检查率的目的。 相似文献
14.
Effect of surface chemical modification for aluminum hypophosphite with hexa‐(4‐aldehyde‐phenoxy)‐cyclotriphosphazene on the fire retardancy,water resistance,and thermal properties for polyamide 6 下载免费PDF全文
The surface chemical modified aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) defined as MAHP was successful prepared through P–H bonds on AHP surface reacted with the aldehyde groups in hexa‐(4‐aldehyde‐phenoxy)‐cyclotriphosphazene made in our lab. The wettability of the flame retardants was evaluated by water contact angle tests, and the water contact angle of the prepared MAHP dramatically increased from 0° for AHP to 145°, which indicated the surface modification made the superhydrophilic AHP into superior hydrophobic MAHP. The prepared MAHP and AHP, respectively, incorporated into polyamide 6 (PA6) matrix to prepare flame retardant PA6 composites and the fire retardancy and thermal degradation behavior of flame retardant PA6 composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index, vertical burning test (UL‐94), cone calorimeter, and thermogravimetric analysis tests. The morphologies and chemical compositions of the char residues for PA6 composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The water resistant properties of flame retardant PA6 composites were evaluated by putting the samples into distilled water at 70°C for 168 hr, and the mechanical properties for flame retardant PA6 composites were investigated by the tensile, flexural, and Izod impact strength tests. The results demonstrated that the PA6/MAHP composites successfully passed UL‐94 V‐0 flammability rating, and the limiting oxygen index value was 27.6% when the loading amount of MAHP was 21 wt%. However, there is no rating in vertical burning tests for PA6/AHP composite with the same amount of AHP, which indicated the surface modification of AHP enhanced the flame retardancy efficiency for PA6 composites. The morphological structures and analysis of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy of char residues revealed that the surface modification of AHP benefited to the formation of a sufficient, flame retardant elements rich, more compact and homogeneous char layer on the materials surface during combustion, which prevented the heat transmission and diffusion, limit the production of combustible gases, inhibit the emission of smoke and then led to the reduction of the heat release rate and smoke produce rate. The mechanical properties results revealed that the surface modification of AHP enhanced the mechanical properties, especially the Izod impact strength comparing with that of PA6/AHP composites with the same amount of flame retardant. After water resistance tests, the PA6/MAHP composites remained superior flame retardancy and presented continuous and compact char layer after cone calorimeter tests; however, the fire retardancy for PA6/AHP composite obviously decreased, and the char layer was discontinuous with big hole caused by the extraction of AHP by water during water resistance tests. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
A novel method to prepare microcellular poly(vinyl alcohol) foam based on thermal processing and supercritical fluid 下载免费PDF全文
Combining the thermal processing and supercritical fluid technology develops a novel preparation method of microcellular poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Water, as the plasticizer in system, can form the hydrogen bonding with pendant hydroxyl of PVA and weaken its strong intermolecular and intramolecular forces to realize the thermal processing. Supercritical carbon dioxide (sc‐CO2) can easily dissolve into water‐plasticized PVA (WPVA) because of the destruction of crystal region caused by water, and the enhanced sc‐CO2 solubility can greatly improve the foamability of WPVA. The porous structure generates through the saturation of sc‐CO2 in WPVA sample and followed by pressure drop‐induced phase separation. The foaming behavior of WPVA was studied as a function of saturation pressure, foaming temperature, and saturation time. The cell density, cell size, and distribution of the obtained foam can be controlled by tuning processing conditions. The results revealed that the cell size decreased, and its distribution narrowed with saturation pressure increasing, or decrease of foaming temperature. But excessively increasing the saturation time generated a negative effect on the foaming behavior owing to the deteriorated plasticization effect resulted from the loss of water. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
16.
Addition of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) to cellulosic products can reduce production costs and modify their physical properties. This study investigated the effects of adding PCC on the properties of reconstituted tobacco sheet (RTS), a cellulosic product. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that adding PCC to the coating could modify the surface microstructure of RTS. With increasing PCC addition, the strength and tar release per cigarette of RTS decreased. However, the filling capacity, bulk, and CO release content in the mainstream smoke reached optimal values when the proportion of PCC in the coating was 8%. Thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermogravimetry (DTG) analysis indicated that the main thermal pyrolysis stage occurred in the range of 200–400 °C, similar to cellulosic components. The Coats–Redfern equation was used to analyze the thermal pyrolysis mechanism. The fitting results showed that, in the range of 200–280 °C, the best fit model for RTS with 4 or 8% PCC was diffusion-controlled reaction (D1) with fitting correlation coefficient (r 2) of 0.9630 and 0.9576, respectively. Meanwhile, in the range of 280–400 °C, the most reliable fitting model for RTS with 4% PCC was chemical reaction (F2) with r 2 = 0.9681. One reaction model could not describe the thermal pyrolysis of RTS with 12% PCC in the main decomposition stage. The thermal kinetic parameters suggested that addition of PCC to RTS coatings could modify the thermal pyrolysis mechanism, but did not change the peak temperatures in the main thermal decomposition stage. This study demonstrates that addition of PCC to RTS coating is a promising method to improve its quality. 相似文献
17.
18.
A new dual chemosensor (TTF-PBA) for Fe3+ and Cu2+ in different signal pathways was designed and synthesized. The absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and cyclic voltammograms changed in the presence of Cu2+ and Fe3+. The optical color changed within 5 s from yellow to orange upon the addition of Cu2+, and it changed to dark yellow when Fe3+ existed. The cyclic voltammogram of Cu2+/TTF-PBA changed from Eox = 0.50 V, Ered = 0.32 V to Eox = 0.64 V, Ered = 0.80 V (vs Ag/AgCl) upon the addition of 2.0 equiv. Cu2+. As for Fe3+/TTF-PBA, its oxidation wave disappeared, and its reduction wave appeared at Ered = ?0.59 V (vs Ag/AgCl) upon the addition of 4.0 equv. Fe3+. The sensor displayed high selectivity for Cu2+ and Fe3+ over other ions including Pb2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ag+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Al3+, Co2+, Pd2+, Hg2+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Ce3+, Bi3+ and Au3+, the detection limits for Cu2+ and Fe3+ ion reached as low as 5.33 × 10?7 mol/L and 5.34 × 10?7 mol/L, respectively. Furthermore, when Fe3+ existed, Cu2+ can be detected sequentially by the sensor through the absorption spectrum and the color change observed by naked-eyes. 相似文献
19.
Su?Liu Xueqi?Leng Xu?Wang Qianqian?Pei Xuejun?Cui Yu?WangEmail author Jiadong?Huang 《Mikrochimica acta》2017,184(7):1969-1976
The authors describe a colorimetric method for the determination of Hg(II) ion. It is based on the color change from red to colorless as displayed by gold nanoparticle (AuNP) modified with thymine - rich DNA. Signal amplification is accomplished by free strand displacement recycling. In this strategy, Hg(II) unfolds the arch-trigger duplex due to the high affinity between Hg(II) and the thymines to form T-Hg(II)-T structures, thereby causing the release of trigger. The liberated trigger unfolds the hairpin structure of H1, and unfolded H1 further unfolds with H2. As a result, the H2 hairpin displaces trigger, and the released trigger unfolds another H1. This results in strong and enzyme-free strand displacement recycling amplification. The aggregation of DNA-AuNPs occurs in the presence of the duplex formed by hairpins H2 and H1. This results in a color change from red to colorless that can be visually observed. Under optimal conditions, the assay has a detection range over 4 orders of magnitude and a 3.4 nM detection limit. The assay is selective, sensitive, rapid and cost-effective. In our perception, it represents a useful platform for determination of Hg(II). 相似文献
20.
Rui Hong Yi-Xin Jiang Jie Leng Ming-Jin Liu Kai-Zhi Shen Qiang Fu Jie Zhang 《高分子科学》2021,39(6):756-769
General-purpose plastics with high strength and toughness have been in great demand for structural engineering applications. To achieve the reinforcement and broaden the application scope of high-density polyethylene(HDPE), multi-flow vibration injection molding(MFVIM) and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) are synergistically employed in this work. Herein, the MFVIM has better shear layer control ability and higher fabrication advantage for complex parts than other analogous novel injection molding technologies reported.The reinforcing effect of various filling times and UHMWPE contents as well as the corresponding microstructure evolution are investigated.When 5 wt% UHMWPE is added, MFVIM process with six flow times thickens the shear layer to the whole thickness. The tensile strength and modulus increase to 2.14 and 1.39 times, respectively, compared to neat HDPE on the premise of remaining 70% impact strength. Structural characterizations indicate that the enhancement is attributed to the improvement of shish-kebab content and lamellae compactness, as well as related to the corresponding size distributions of undissolved UHMWPE particles. This novel injection molding technology with great industrial prospects provides a facile and effective strategy to broaden the engineering applications of HDPE materials. Besides, excessive UHMWPE may impair the synergistic enhancement effect, which is also reasonably explained. 相似文献